Oil crash could be the worst in history

Oil crash could be the worst in history

 Morgan Stanley has been pretty pessimistic about oil prices in 2015, drawing comparisons to the some of the worst oil slumps of the past three decades. The current downturn could even rival the iconic price crash of 1986, analysts had warned — but definitely no worse.

Why nobody will win in this shoving match between oil’s superpowers

Peter Tertzakian: The U.S. and Saudia Arabia are like two playground bullies fighting over one swing. The results are predictable: No one will be allowed to swing.

This week, a revision: It could be much worse.

From Morgan Stanley:

“We have been expecting the current downturn to be as severe as the one in 1986 – the worst for at least 45 years – but not worse than that. Still, if oil prices follow the path suggested by the forward curve, our thesis may yet prove too optimistic.”

Until recently, confidence in a strong recovery for oil prices—and oil companies — had been pretty high, wrote analysts including Martijn Rats and Haythem Rashed, in a report to investors Wednesday. That confidence was based on four premises, they said, and only three have proven true.

1. Demand will rise: Check

In theory: The crash in prices that started a year ago should stimulate demand. Cheap oil means cheaper manufacturing, cheaper shipping, more summer road trips.

In practice: Despite a softening Chinese economy, global demand has indeed surged by about 1.6 million barrels a day over last year’s average, according to the report.

2. Spending on new oil will fall: Check

In theory: Lower oil prices should force energy companies to cut spending on new oil supplies, and the cost of drilling and pumping should decline.

In practice: Sure enough, since October the number of rigs actively drilling for new oil around the world has declined by about 42 per cent. More than 70,000 oil workers have lost their jobs globally, and in 2015 alone listed oil companies have cut about $129 billion in capital expenditures.

3. Stock prices remain low: Check

In theory: While oil markets rebalance themselves, stock prices of oil companies should remain cheap, setting the stage for a strong rebound.

In practice: Yep. The oil majors are trading near 35-year lows, using two different methods of valuation.

4. Oil supply will Drop: Uh-oh

In theory: With strong demand for oil and less money for drilling and exploration, the global oil glut should diminish. Let the recovery commence.

In practice: The opposite has happened. While U.S. production has leveled off since June, OPEC has taken up the role of market spoiler.

OPEC Production Surges in 2015

Bloomberg
Bloomberg

For now, Morgan Stanley is sticking with its original thesis that prices will improve, largely because OPEC doesn’t have much more spare capacity to fill and because oil stocks have already been hammered.

But another possibility is that the supply of new oil coming from outside the U.S. may continue to increase as sanctions against Iran dissolve and if the situation in Libya improves, the Morgan Stanley analysts said. U.S. production could also rise again. A recovery is less certain than it once was, and the slump could last for three years or more—”far worse than in 1986.”

“In that case,” they wrote, “there would be little in analyzable history that could be a guide” for what’s to come.

Bloomberg.com  reprinted from earlier news reports

Related Notes

Relax -Stocks Are Just Correcting -False

This Market Is a “Wheelbarrow of Dynamite” Waiting to Blow

But in come the cronies to tell us not to worry about it.

By Bill Bonner    reprinted Wolfstreet article

DELRAY BEACH, Florida – It’s hot in Florida. Steamy hot. Hair curls and bodies go limp.

The “relief rally” continued yesterday. All over the world, stocks gained. So did oil and commodities. (More on that below in today’s Market Insight.) The Dow was up 369 points – a 2.3% move. Chinese stocks were up by about 5%. Why?

U.S. GDP numbers for the second quarter came out higher than expected. The economy grew by an annual rate of 3.7%. And influential New York Fed chief William Dudley said the argument for a rate increase in September was “less compelling.”

A Decline in Excess of 50%

Oh, ye of little faith… fear not! Things are happening just as they should. It is the end of summer. Markets are giving strong hints of things to come in the fall. Like Vesuvius, a plume of smoke rises… and a cloud of dust hangs over the markets. The economic earth rumbles… and animals take flight.

But in come the cronies to tell us not to worry about it.

And who knows what happens next?

Your editor is a fairly good plumber. He can put the pipes together and unclog the toilet. Alas, his record as a market soothsayer is spotty. He is rarely wrong, but often so early that by the time the event occurs even he has forgotten he ever predicted it.

But today we are encouraged and emboldened. We swagger ahead, like a reedy poet into a rough bar, confident in the knowledge that there are giants behind us. Yes, economist and money manager John Hussman’s forecast is similar to our own. From his most recent note for Hussman Fund clients:

If you roll a wheelbarrow of dynamite into a crowd of fire jugglers, there’s not much chance things will end well. The cause of the inevitable wreckage is not the dynamite, but the trigger is the guy who drops his torch.

Likewise, once extreme valuations are established as a result of yield-seeking speculation that is enabled (1997-2000), encouraged (2004-2007), or actively promoted (2010-2014) by the Federal Reserve, an eventual collapse is inevitable.

By starving investors of safe return, activist Fed policy has promoted repeated valuation bubbles, and inevitable collapses, in risky assets.

On the basis of valuation measures having the strongest correlation with actual subsequent market returns, we fully expect the S&P 500 to decline by 40% to 55% over the completion of the current market cycle. The only uncertainty has been the triggers.

 

A $12 Trillion Wealth Wipeout

A “decline in excess of 50%” within “less than three years” is our forecast.

We will stick with it, hoping to live long enough to see it proven correct, or in any case hoping to live long enough to see how it turns out.

But this forecast is for real (adjusted for inflation) prices, not nominal prices. Because we have a feeling that the feds will not stay in their seats as the government loses revenues, zombies rise in rebellion, and cronies and campaign contributors lose much of their net worth.

As of this May, the combined market cap of the companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange was $19.7 trillion. A 50% plunge would wipe out about $10 trillion in investor wealth, give or take a few billion dollars. More “reflationary” monetary policies are no doubt in the pipeline. Real estate would most likely go down, too – especially at the upper end.

The house in Florida on the market for $139 million that we reported on last week, for example, would have to be sold at auction. How much would it bring? $10 million? $50 million? Who knows?

Debt in Distress

The junkiest, riskiest part of the bond market would also be destroyed. When the going gets tough, the “spread” (or gap between yields) on junk bonds over U.S. Treasury bonds widens, as bond investors bail out of their riskier positions.

Whole sectors could go broke. Here’s Bloomberg with a report on debt in the oil patch:

At a time when the oil price is languishing at its lowest level in six years, producers need to find half a trillion dollars to repay debt. Some might not make it.The number of oil and gas company bonds with yields of 10% or more, a sign of distress, tripled in the past year, leaving 168 firms in North America, Europe, and Asia holding this debt, data compiled by Bloomberg show. The ratio of net debt to earnings is the highest in two decades.

If oil stays at about $40 a barrel, the shakeout could be profound.

Easy come. Easy go. It doesn’t take too much imagination to see the EZ money of the last seven years going back where it came from – to nowhere.

Forward – to Disaster

And then, what would Saint Janet do?

Even now, under less stressful conditions (let us assume that markets stay calm), will she raise rates next month as expected? Probably not…

Consumer prices, as officially measured, are stable, not rising. And inflation expectations have dropped to a five-year low. Unemployment and GDP numbers make it look as though the economy is running okay. But don’t look under the hood!

And with the stock market so fragile, would Saint Janet risk being the one to cause a worldwide panic? Nah… No rate increase in September.

Instead, when the crash resumes, we will see even EZ-ier money, not tighter money. We are on course for a “hormegeddon”-style outcome. (Hormegeddon is the term I coined in my latest book for “disaster by public policy.”) Backing up is not an option. We must go forward – to disaster. By Bill Bonner, Bonner & Partners

Markets bounced over the last few days. But is the bounce to be trusted? Read… “The Most Astounding Credit Binge in History”

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  16 comments for “This Market Is a “Wheelbarrow of Dynamite” Waiting to Blow”

  1. ERG
    August 29, 2015 at 9:41 am

    Please: if the Dow isnt at, say, 9,000 by the end of October, can we ease up on the Sky Is Falling Stuff? In the next two or three months we will get to see if the time is actually ripe for a 40 percent correction and if the Fed will or will not do anything about it – before or after it (maybe) happens.

    My interest in this is more along the lines of morbid curiosity as I think our economy has been ruined nearly beyond repair. That means I consider the current process of destroying the middle class to already be so far along that, functionally, the stock market is now mostly an indicator or economic dysfunction. Even if it never crashes.

    • Winston
      August 29, 2015 at 9:52 am

      “the stock market is now mostly an indicator or economic dysfunction”

      Agreed. It began to approach something resembling reality on Monday, but didn’t remain there:

      http://www.zerohedge.com/sites/default/files/images/user3303/imageroot/2015/08-overflow/20150828_EOD1.jpg

    • August 29, 2015 at 10:10 am

      But wait… if the Dow is at “9000 by the end of October,” WOLF STREET will turn bullish on stocks.

      Remember, WOLF STREET turned bearish on stocks in early 2014, after turning bearish on junk bonds in mid-2013 (too early), though I called both in a “bubble” before then. WOLF STREET is not a perma-bear site. But it does try to point at the next crisis.

      For example, I started writing about Cyprus 1.5 years before it blew up. When it blew up, NPR said that it “came out of nowhere.” Clearly, they don’t read WS :-]

      But I don’t think we’ll be handed this unique trading opportunity of the DOW plunging to 9000 by October. That would be too easy.

      • Brit
        September 1, 2015 at 6:33 pm

        Mr. Richter,

        I’ve enjoyed your analysis very much.

        Now that valuations are beginning to reflect your worldview, do you see a bull market anywhere? CDs aren’t paying too well.

        • September 1, 2015 at 6:43 pm

          I don’t see a bull market in equities yet. They would have to drop a lot further for me to see one. In the US, the S&P 500 is barely in a mild correction, after rallying incessantly since 2011. I’m looking forward to the day that I can see a bull market, but I’m afraid it’s going to be a while.

          Meanwhile I think this is the most treacherous market I’ve ever seen before.

    • Vespa P200E
      August 29, 2015 at 10:40 am

      Agree – “That means I consider the current process of destroying the middle class”

      Global CBs under orders from the bankster cabal handlers are doing just that. Suck blood from middle class while 1% gets wealthier and rising ranks of poor dependent on governments (who in turn tax the middle class more) which are becoming more socialistic (Marx would be proud) even though EU socialist agendas proved to be failure. Bet Government Sacks and alike already know the market is about to tank and already lined up trades against its muppet clients.

      Here is an interesting article from conservative American Thinker as it dissects China and market meltdown

      1st paragraph: “The ongoing stock market meltdown is just the tip of the iceberg that is the dangerously precarious China economy. The back story — the extraordinary market manipulation that has allowed the global economy to come to this potentially disastrous pass — is what few commentators have yet spelled out.”

      http://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2015/08/_the_china_syndrome.html

  2. Vespa P200E
    August 29, 2015 at 10:31 am

    Helicopter Benny’s departure was very timely before the excrements hit the fan. So Janet got her wish but alas she was left with molasses to deal with.

    She was like deer in headlight being newbie to the job and weight on top of her as leader of global CB cabal and more like circus. So she chose to stand by as why raise the rates and have all banksters come after her head? Fast forward to Aug and she is now stuck in rock and a very hard place with USD spiraling up against just about every currency but raising int rate would only strengthen the USD with so many herd mentality went long on USD. Add to this China Syndrome kicks in full gear in Aug.

    Ah to be (raise rate) or not to be but I bet Janet will stand pat till things really fall apart in Sept/Oct then try to unleash QE IV only to see it fail in light of Chinese selling Treasuries in the tunes of $1 trillion countering QE IV’s limp impact.

  3. Petunia
    August 29, 2015 at 10:39 am

    The market is overvalued and the underlying products and services they represent are also extremely overvalued. The reality is that people don’t have the money anymore to support the price levels these valuations require and there is heavy discounting going on, which is never reflected in the market valuations. If you look at all the mergers gone bad that is where you can really see it. Companies keep trying to buy growth but it is just not there. What is there is the hidden discounting which they think they can consolidate their way out of. Eventually they unload the bad deal as a write-off and they don’t have to admit that they don’t have the revenue or the pricing power.

    • Ray Phenicie
      August 29, 2015 at 8:23 pm

      Also look at the amount of stock purchasing going on. If making a short term profit appear on the quarterly report is more important, if making the stock value stay ahead of the pack, then go ahead Mr. Cif, authorize those buybacks. But if the future well being of your entity is your chief concern then invest in research and development, or your employees but not your own stock. The snake that eats its own tail eventually reaches the back of its own head.

  4. LG
    August 29, 2015 at 11:28 am

    “The economy grew” !? Come on people its not the economy, it’s debt and inflation!
    GDP is mostly debt based synthetic growth! Thus the inflation that the banks and the tax man loves so much!

    • Thete
      August 29, 2015 at 7:51 pm

      Debt and inflation go up when the economy is growing

  5. Julian theApostate
    August 29, 2015 at 6:04 pm

    The market believes the “growth” number because it helps them blank out the elephant in the room. Swimming against this current is like battling the tar baby, getting pulled in deeper with each blow. Maybe the sky isn’t falling, but if it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck…it’s probably a DUCK.

  6. ERG
    August 29, 2015 at 7:38 pm

    That’s my point, friends: the sky does not have to fall re the stock ‘market’ for the process of taking the middle class to the cleaners to continue its advance. Even if you have been wise enough to avoid/minimize your ‘market’ exposure before or since 2008, you’ve still been washed, dried, fluffed, and folded. Just go food shopping or try looking for a job.

  7. Pete from Delray
    August 29, 2015 at 7:49 pm
  8. Brett
    August 30, 2015 at 3:44 am

    I find I have been watching a lot of documentaries on the 1929 crash and the subsequent depression recently, similarities to the current belief in the stock market are scary, especially the purchase of shares on margin.

  9. Paul
    August 30, 2015 at 9:48 am

    Retired investors have to put estate somewhere. While the stock market is suspect so are the alternatives. Cattle anyone?

The China Bubble Is The U.S. Bubble too

Lance Roberts warns us of the largest financial bubble coming…

The recent plunge in the Chinese market may, or may not be, the sound of the latest bubble popping as I write this missive. However, there are two very important warnings be given here:

  1. China-Bubble-2015The current bubble will eventually end, just as the last two have, in a rather disastrous plunge for those chasing returns.
    1. The plunge will also likely be coincident with an unwinding of excesses in the S&P 500.’

The Last Days Before Financial Implosion

The Implosion Is Near: Signs Of The Bubble’s Last Days   Warning’s from Reagan’s Economist

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The central banks of the world are massively and insouciantly pursuing financial instability. That’s the inherent result of the 68 straight months of zero money market rates that have been forced into the global financial system by the Fed and its confederates at the BOJ, ECB and BOE. ZIRP fuels endless carry trades and the harvesting of every manner of profit spread between negligible “funding” costs and positive yields and returns on a wide spectrum of risk assets.

Moreover, this central bank sponsored regime of ZIRP and money market pegging contains a built-in accelerator. As carry trade speculators drive asset prices steadily higher and fixed income spreads steadily thinner—- fear and short interest is driven out of the casino, making buying on the dips ever more profitable and less risky. Indeed, the explicit promise by central banks that the money market rate will remain frozen for the duration and that ample warning of any change in rate policy will be “transparently” announced is the single worst policy imaginable from the point of view of financial stability. It means that the speculator’s worst nightmare—–suddenly going “upside down” due to a sharp spike in funding costs—-is eliminated by central bank writ.

Stated differently, ZIRP systematically dismantles the market’s natural stability mechanisms. One natural deterrent to excessive financial gambling, for example, is the cost of hedging a speculator’s portfolio of “risk assets” against a broad market plunge. In an honest market environment, hedging costs consume a high share of profits, thereby sharply limiting risk appetites and the amount of capital attracted to speculative trading.

By contrast, an extended regime of ZIRP, coupled with the central banks’ perceived “put” under risk assets, drives the cost of “downside insurance” to negligible levels because S&P 500 put writers are emboldened and subsidized to pick up nickels (i.e. options premium) in front of a benign central bank steamroller. This ultra-cheap downside insurance, in turn, attracts ever larger inflows of speculative capital to the casino.

This corrosive game has been underway ever since the Greenspan Fed panicked on Black Monday in October 1987 and flooded the stock market with liquidity. It is now such an endemic feature of Wall Street that it is falsely assumed to be the normal order of things. But, then, would anyone have been picking up nickels in front of the Volcker steamroller?

This dynamic is evident in the chart of the S&P 500 since the March 2009 bottom. The dips have gotten shallower and shallower as ZIRP and other pro-risk central bank policies have eroded the market’s natural defenses against excessive speculation. As of mid-2014, therefore, it can be fairly said that fear and short interest have been extinguished almost entirely. The Wall Street casino has thus become a one-way market that coils dangerously upward, divorced completely from the fundamentals of earnings and cash flow and real world economic conditions and prospects.

 

 

The inverse side of this coin is disappearance of volatility in the equity markets. As shown below, the current readings are at all-time lows, even below bottoms reached on the eve of the 2008 financial crisis. Needless to say, this dangerous condition does not appear by happenstance: its is the inexorable and systematic result of ZIRP and the associated tools of monetary central planning.

But all of this is ignored by the central banks because their Keynesian economic plumbing models contain a fatal flaw. These models purport to capture capitalism at work, but they contain no balance sheets and hardly any proxy for the financial markets which are at the heart of modern capitalist economies. As a result, central banks pursue ZIRP in order to inflate the plumbing system of the macro-economy with more “demand”—and hence more jobs, income, investment and GDP—-while ignoring the systematic destruction of financial stability that results from these very same policies.

As a consequence, Keynesian central bankers are bubble-blind. Whereas they monitor immense amounts of “in-coming”  high-frequency macro-economic data that is trivial and “noisy” in the extreme, they ignore entirely “in-coming” financial market data that points to monumental troubles just ahead.

At the present time, for example, 40% of all syndicated loans are being taken down by sub-investment grade issuers. This is materially higher than the 2007 peak, and is accompanied by an even more virulent outbreak of “cov-lite” credit terms. Indeed, upwards of 60% of these junk loans have no protection against debt layering and cash stripping by equity holders—-notwithstanding their nominal “senior” status in the credit structure. The obvious implication, of course, is that the Fed “easy money” is being massively diverted into leveraged gambling and rent stripping by the LBO houses. Three times since 1988 this kind of financial deformation has led to a thundering bust in the junk credit market. Why would monetary central planners, who allegedly watch their so-called “dashboards” like a flock of hawks, think the outcome would be any different this time?


40pc of syndicated loans are to sub-investment grade borrowers

The monetary politburo remains unperturbed, of course, because they are not monitoring the composition and quality of credit. Their models simply stipulate that aggregate business loan growth will lead to more spending on capital assets and operational expansion including hiring. That assumption is manifestly wrong, however, because it is plainly evident that most of the massive expansion of business credit since the last peak has gone into financial engineering—-stock buybacks, LBO’s and cash M&A deals—-not expansion of productive business assets. Indeed, total non-financial business credit outstanding has risen from $11 trillion in December 2007 to $13.8 trillion at present, or by 25%, yet real business investment in plants and equipment is still $70 billion or 5% below its pre-crisis peak.

And that is “gross” spending for plant and equipment as recorded in the “I” term of the GDP accounts.  The far more relevant measure with respect to economic health and future growth capacity is “net business investment” after accounting for depreciation and amortization allowances. That is, after accounting for the consumption of capital that occurred in the production of current period GDP. As shown below, that figure in real terms is 20% below the peak achieved two cycles back in the late 1990s.

In short, the combination of faltering investment in real plant and equipment juxtaposed to peak levels of leveraged loan finance should be a warning sign of growing financial instability. Instead, the central bankers bray that valuation multiples are not out of line and financial institution leverage is reasonably well-contained.

Real Business Investment - Click to enlarge

The “valuations are normal” line proffered by Yellen and her band of money printers, however, is simply an adaptation of the Wall Street hockey sticks based on projected earnings ex-items. That is to say, the kind of “earnings” estimates that omitted on average 23% of actual P&L charges over the course the 2007-2010 boom and bust cycle owing to non-recurring write-downs of goodwill, plants, leases and restructuring costs, among countless other real expenses—all of which ultimately consume corporate cash and capital. As I demonstrated in “The Great Deformation”, cumulative S&P 500 “earnings less items” over that four-year period amounted to $2.42 trillion compared to GAAP reported earnings—-that is, the kind that you don’t go to jail for reporting to the SEC—of only $1.87 trillion.

Consequently, the Fed fails to see the in-coming data on financial instability because it isn’t looking for it, and is simply tossing out Wall Street sell-side propaganda as a sop.  The disappearance of volatility in the S&P 500 chart shown at the beginning, for example, is nearly an identical replica of the run-up to the 2007 stock market peak. Yet the appearance of a proven warning sign of a bubble top has been resolutely ignored.

The fact is, PE multiples are far above “normal” based on GAAP earnings in historical context. During the LTM period ending in Q1 2014, S&P 500 earnings amounted to $100 per share after adjustment for a recent change in pension accounting that is not reflected in the historical data. Accordingly, even the big cap “broad” market is trading at 19.6X reported earnings—a level achieved historically only at points when the stock market was on the verge an implosion.

Moreover, today’s $100 per share of earnings are highly artificial owing to massive share buybacks funded by cheap debt and by deep repression of interest carry costs. The S&P 500 companies carry upwards of $3 trillion in debt, but were interest rates to normalize— earnings per share would drop by upwards of $10. Likewise, profit margins are at an all-time high, indicating that the inevitable “mean-regression” will chop significant additional amounts out of currently reported profits.

In other words, at a point which is month #61 of the current business cycle, and thereby already beyond than the average cycle since 1950, why would any one in their right mind say a market is not bubbly when it’s trading at nearly 20X reported earnings. Indeed, in a world where interest rate and profit rate normalization must inevitably come, the capitalization rate for current earnings should be well below normal—-not extended into the nosebleed section of historical results.

And this applies to almost any other measure of valuation in risk asset markets. The Russell 2000, for example, still stands at the absurd height of 85X reported earnings. The cyclically adjusted S&P stands at 24X, or six turns higher than its half century average. The Tobin’s Q measure is also far more stretched than in 2007.

Likewise, emerging markets have piled on $2 trillion in foreign currency debt since 2008. This makes them far more significant in the global financial scheme than they were in 2008 or even at the time of the East Asia crisis of the late 1990s. And that is not even considering the massive house of cards in China, where credit market debt has soared from $1 trillion at the turn of the century to $25 trillion today.

At the end of the day, the Fed and its fellow traveling central banks have systematically dismantled the natural stability mechanisms of financial markets. Accordingly, financial markets have now become dangerous casinos in which speculative bubbles are guaranteed to build to dangerous extremes as the central bank driven financial inflation gathers force.  That’s where we are now. Again.